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How does one microservice communicate with another microservice?

Microservices communicate with each other mainly through APIs, using simple messages over the network. The most common way is by sending HTTP requests (like how websites talk to each other). One microservice sends a request, and the other responds. Sometimes, they also use messaging systems (like a mailbox) to send messages back and forth. This way, each microservice can work independently but still share information when needed.

Example:

Imagine an online shopping app.

1: The "Order Service" needs to check if items are available before placing an order.

2: It sends an HTTP request to the "Inventory Service" asking, “Do you have item X in stock?”

3: The "Inventory Service" replies with “Yes” or “No.”

4: Based on the answer, the "Order Service" decides whether to complete the order.

This is how one microservice talks to another in real time!